Water-closet



(No Model.)

F. A. WELLS.

WATER GLOSET.

Patented 00h15, 1889.

-UNITED STATES PATENT rrrcn.

FRANK. A. VELLS, OF N UTLEY, NEV JERSEY.

WATER-CLOSET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 412,814, dated October 15,1889. Application filed January 24, 1889. Serial No. 297,416. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, FRANK. A. W'ELLs, a citizen of the United States, residing at the village of Nut-ley, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tater-Closets, which are fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates to the making of water-closet bowls of the class known as siphon-closets,7 having the bowl and siphonic discharge-duct formed in one piece of met-al or earthenware; and its purpose -is to make such a closet and siphonic duct in what is known as the pedestal form-Mz'. c.,`hav ing the limbs of the siphon and all ducts and passages from the bowl developed in the form of or concealed ina pedestal which proceeds from and exteriorly appears to be the standard and sole support of the bowl, and in so doing to utilize the space within such pedestal and about the siphon-limbs for the storage or accumulation of water, which, by reason of the peculiar disposition of the discharge end of the soil-passage with relation to the eduction-mouth of such storagewspace, shall constitute means forinducing the siphonic action for the purpose of discharging the contents of the bowl when the water is furnished by the direct supply admitted to the closet directly from the service-pipes, as is feasible when the pressure is sufficient, and which shall assist the siphcnic action when other means are employed to induce such action, as in the familiar constructions which employ an indirect supply from a tank.

In the drawings I have illustrated this invention as applied to a closethaving the descending limb of the siphon folded over side-.

wise, so that it, as well as the ascending` limb, lies close against the bowl.

Figure l is a plan, partly sectional, of a closet having one trap integral .with the bowl and embodying my invention, the section being made at the line l l 1 cn Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical section at the line 2 2 on Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation, the pedestal being broken away to show the bowl and the limbs of the trap within the pedestal. Fig. 4t is a sectional plan of a closet having both the traps integral with the bowl and inclosed in a pedestal constructed according to my invention, section being made at the line 4 4 on Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a vertical section at the line 5 5 on Fig. Ll-. Fig. 6 is a rear elevation of the form shown in Fig. 5 with the pedestal partly broken away.

A is the bowl. rlhe soil-passage therefrom comprises the ascending limb B, the descending limb B', the second ascending limb B2, and the final descending limb B3. The parts B2 and BS are wanting in the forms illustrated in Figs. 1, El, and 3, their functions being performed by the ordinary plumbers trap C, which may be located beneath the door.

D is the pedestal.

D* is a water-storage chamber comprising the space between the pedestal-wall and the bowl and soil-pipe, which are inclosed within the pedestal.

E is a water-pipe leading into the iiushingrim A of the bowl. i

F is a water-pipe, which discharges into the chamber D.

. G is an air or vent pipe at the top of the Siphon, which is customary in siphon-closets which are mainly operated by the siphoncreating apparatus located in or connected with the tank, and which would be necessary in this closet when so operated.

"Water is designed to be supplied at both of the pipes E and F, either from a direct supply or from a tank, and to be controlled by any of the familiar methods applicable to that purpose, the controlling-Vabre being operated by a pull at will, or automatically by the 'depression and elevation of the seat. It will be noticed that the longer limb of the siphon terminates in a position concentric with an opening d through the bottom wall of the pedestal D, and that only a small spacethe annular aperture cl2-is left between the end of said siphon-limb and said bottom wall. The opening CZ may be slightly greater in diameter than the siphon-limb, and the latter, in that case, may project into it, as in Fig. 5, or, the aperture being of the same diameter as the siphon-limb, the latter may terminate a little above the plane of the under surface of the bottoni wall of the pedestal, as in Fig. 2, either construction producing the annular aperture d between the end of the siphon and the bottoni wall of the pedestal around IOO its discharge-aperture d. The purpose and result of this construction is that any considerable quantity of water in the chamber D passing out into the soil-pipe must pass through the annular aperture dz'between the end of the siphon and the bottom wall ofthe pedestal bounding the orifice d, and will fill and seal said aperture, so as to prevent the passage of air through it whilefthe water is passing, and the water thus falling into the soil-pipe in a tubular jet around the mouth of the siphon willdraw air therefrom and tend to produce a suction therein. Bearing this fact in mind, the action of the closet may be understood.

Referring first to the form shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the water is presumed to be standing in both traps to the full depth of the water seal provided by the structurethat is, up to the line m m in the bowl and first trap and up to the line n or. in the seeond trap. The long end B of the siphon is filled with air, and is in air communication with the chamber D through the annular aperture d2. WV hen the water is admitted through the pipes E and F, that which enters through the latter pipe being greater in volunie than can flow out freely through the aperture cl2, com pletelyfills th at aperture as it seeks to escape past the end of the siphon, and thus seals the air communication between the siphon and the chamberD. This tubular curyrent of water also, as above stated, draws air from the siphon to some extent, carrying it out into the sewer in fine bubbles. Meanwhile the water entering the flushing-rim through the pipe E is charging' the siphon with water. ySimultaneously the air is being rareiied and withdrawn f rom the pipe G. Both currents of water are therefore operatin g both to rarefy the air in the siphon between the traps and to fill that space with water, and the siphon, being thus soon primed, causes the evacuation of the bowl in the manner well understood. Meanwhile, the supply of water through the pipe F being greater than could escape through the aperture cl2, the excess has accumulated inthe chamber D until said chamber is full, and after the supply through the pipe F is eut off or exhausted the water thus stored in the chamber D continues to iiow out through the aperture d2 and the orifice d and to prolong and repeat the siphonic action. lVhen the chamber D becomes empty, the bowl will iill up from the afterwash in the usual manner, the shorter limb of the siphon iilling up to the water-line mmwithout hinderance from the air between the traps, because, the aperture (Z2 being now opened, the air-space between the traps has a vent through the chamber D and back through the water-pipe F, new empty. The same water-pipe Fv may ventilate`V the lower trap, suitable air-connection being made upward from said pipe F at any convenient point through a flue or vto the exterior air. The branch pipe F may make such connection, or it may be made from a tank or service-box, from which the pipe F is supplied when the construction is such as to make this admissible.

Referring to the forms shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, the action of the device is not materially different, but is as follows: The waterpipes E and F operate as above described in all respects, except that the water which will pass out through the annular aperture d2 will have no opportunity to draw air from between the traps,but will have some tendency to draw the water in the second trap over, and thereby to produce some suction upon the water in the first trap. The action will be in other respects the same until the siphon is primed and the closet evacuated by means of its action, and when both traps and the intermediate space are full of water, as when the siphon is in action, the entire extent of the soilpassage acts as a simple single siphon, notwithstanding the loop which constitutes the trap intermediate the shorter limb and the end of the longer limb-that is to say, the end of the limb Bd. been stored in the chamber D in the same manner as first above described in respect to Figs. l, 2, and 3 continuing to flow after the supply through the pipe F is exhausted, will exert a pull upon the water iiowing through the siphon and trap and increase the effectiveness of the siphon in evacuating the bowl, and will also somewhat prolong that action-that is, after the water has fallen to the poi nt at which air will be admitted from the bowl. into the ascen dinglimb B, which will break the Siphon, the water will. not immediately recede from the limb B, because the pull of the water flowing out through the orifice D2 upon the continuous body of water iilling both traps will hold it up for an instant, and thereby the air in the bowl will be drawn over to a greater extent than would otherwise be the case before the afterwash closed the air communication at the bottom of the bowl, thus tending to carry off a greater proportion of foul gases than would otherwise be the case. A further value of the overflow from the chamber D consists in the fact that thereby the soil-pipe is flushed with clean water after the evacuation of the bowl is entirely completed.

I claim* l. In a water-closet, in combination, substantially as set forth, the bowl having a siphonic soilpassage leading therefrom and a pedestal inelosing both the bowl and the soilpassage, leaving a cavity or chamber within the pedestal around the bowl and soil-passage, the pedestal being apertured at the lower part and the soil-passage of the bowl discharging through such aperture, a iiush* ing-pipe communicating with the bowl, and a water-pipe discharging into the chamber within the pedestal surrounding the bowl.

2. In a water-closet, in combination with the closetbowl having a siphonic soil-passage leading therefrom, said soil-passage com- The water which has IOO IIO

prising two traps, and a pedestal inelosing. the bowl and its soil-passage, including both traps thereof, and forming a chamber about them anwd having in its base an aperture through which the soil-passage discharges, a flushing-pipe communicating with the bowl, and the water-pipe communicating directly with the chamber in the pedestal surrounding the bowl and traps, substantially as set forth.

3. A watencloset bowl having a siphonic soil-passage leading therefrom, said soil-passage and bowl being formed integrally, and a pedestal also formed integrally with the bowl and soil-passage and inclosing them both, leaving a cavity or chamber within said pedestal and around the bowl and soil-passage, the bottom wall of said pedestal being apertured and the soil-passage terminating concentric ally with said aperture, so that it may discharge through it, an annular space being left between the end of the soil-passage and the margin of the aperture through the pedestal-base, a flushing-pipe communicating with the bowl, and a water-pipe discharging into the chamber in the pedestal, in combination, substantially as set forth.

4. A water-closet bowl having a siphonic soil-passage leading therefrom, said bowl and soil-passage being formed integrally, the soilpassage comprising two traps, and a pedestal also integral with the bowl and its soil-passage and inclosing them both, forming a chamber about them, and having an aperture in its base concentric with the terminus of the soil-passage, an annular aperture being left between the end of the soil-passage and the margin of the aperture in the pedestalbase, a flushing-pipe communicating, with the bowl, and a water-pipe communieating directly with the chamber in the pedestal about the bowl and traps, in combination, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have set my hand, in the presence of two witnesses, at Nutley, New Jersey, this 22d day of January, 1889.

FRANK. A. WELLS.

Witnesses:

S. R. Roanne, W. A. ROGERS. 

